module intrwmod
!$$$ module documentation block
!           .      .    .                                       .
! module:   intrwmod    module for intrw and its tangent linear intrw_tl
!   prgmmr:
!
! abstract: module for intrw and its tangent linear intrw_tl
!
! program history log:
!   2005-05-13  Yanqiu zhu - wrap intrw and its tangent linear intrw_tl into one module
!   2005-11-16  Derber - remove interfaces
!   2008-11-26  Todling - remove intrw_tl; add interface back
!   2009-08-13  lueken - update documentation
!   2012-09-14  Syed RH Rizvi, NCAR/NESL/MMM/DAS  - implemented obs adjoint test  
!   2016-05-18  guo     - replaced ob_type with polymorphic obsNode through type casting
!
! subroutines included:
!   sub intrw_
!
! variable definitions:
!
! attributes:
!   language: f90
!   machine:
!
!$$$ end documentation block

use m_obsNode, only: obsNode
use m_rwNode, only: rwNode
use m_rwNode, only: rwNode_typecast
use m_rwNode, only: rwNode_nextcast
use m_obsdiagNode, only: obsdiagNode_set
implicit none

PRIVATE
PUBLIC intrw

interface intrw; module procedure &
          intrw_
end interface

contains

subroutine intrw_(rwhead,rval,sval)
!$$$  subprogram documentation block
!                .      .    .                                       .
! subprogram:    intrw       apply nonlin qc operator for radar winds
!   prgmmr: derber           org: np23                date: 1991-02-26
!
! abstract: apply observation operator for radar winds
!             with nonlinear qc operator
!
! program history log:
!   1991-02-26  derber
!   1999-11-22  yang
!   2004-08-02  treadon - add only to module use, add intent in/out
!   2004-10-08  parrish - add nonlinear qc option
!   2005-03-01  parrish - nonlinear qc change to account for inflated obs error
!   2005-04-11  treadon - merge intrw and intrw_qc into single routine
!   2005-08-02  derber  - modify for variational qc parameters for each ob
!   2005-09-28  derber  - consolidate location and weight arrays
!   2006-07-28  derber  - modify to use new inner loop obs data structure
!                       - unify NL qc
!   2007-02-15  rancic  - add foto
!   2007-03-19  tremolet - binning of observations
!   2007-06-05  tremolet - use observation diagnostics structure
!   2007-07-09  tremolet - observation sensitivity
!   2008-01-04  tremolet - Don't apply H^T if l_do_adjoint is false
!   2008-11-28  todling  - turn FOTO optional; changed ptr%time handle
!   2010-05-13  todlng   - update to use gsi_bundle; update interface
!   2012-09-14  Syed RH Rizvi, NCAR/NESL/MMM/DAS  - introduced ladtest_obs         
!   2014-12-03  derber  - modify so that use of obsdiags can be turned off
!   2017-05-12  Y. Wang and X. Wang - include w into tangent linear of rw operator, 
!                                     POC: xuguang.wang@ou.edu
!   2016-06-23  lippi   - add terms for vertical velocity (w) in forward operator
!                         and adjoint code (uses include_w to check if w is
!                         being used). Now, the multiplications of costilt
!                         is done in this code rather than factored in wij.
!
! usage: call intw(ru,rv,su,sv)
!   input argument list:
!     rwhead   - obs type pointer to obs structure     
!     su       - current u solution increment 
!     sv       - current v solution increment 
!     ru
!     rv
!
!   output argument list:
!     ru       - u results from observation operator 
!     rv       - v results from observation operator 
!
! attributes:
!   language: f90
!   machine:  ibm RS/6000 SP
!
!$$$
  use kinds, only: r_kind,i_kind
  use constants, only: half,one,tiny_r_kind,cg_term,r3600
  use obsmod, only: lsaveobsens,l_do_adjoint,luse_obsdiag
  use qcmod, only: nlnqc_iter,varqc_iter
  use jfunc, only: jiter
  use gsi_bundlemod, only: gsi_bundle
  use gsi_bundlemod, only: gsi_bundlegetpointer
  use gsi_4dvar, only: ladtest_obs
  implicit none

! Declare passed variables
  class(obsNode), pointer, intent(in   ) :: rwhead
  type(gsi_bundle),        intent(in   ) :: sval
  type(gsi_bundle),        intent(inout) :: rval

! Declare local varibles
  logical include_w
  integer(i_kind) j1,j2,j3,j4,j5,j6,j7,j8,ier,istatus
! real(r_kind) penalty
  real(r_kind) val,valu,valv,valw,w1,w2,w3,w4,w5,w6,w7,w8
  real(r_kind) cg_rw,p0,grad,wnotgross,wgross,pg_rw
  real(r_kind),pointer,dimension(:) :: su,sv,sw
  real(r_kind),pointer,dimension(:) :: ru,rv,rw
  type(rwNode), pointer :: rwptr

!  If no rw data return
  if(.not. associated(rwhead))return

! Retrieve pointers
! Simply return if any pointer not found
  ier=0
  call gsi_bundlegetpointer(sval,'u',su,istatus);ier=istatus+ier
  call gsi_bundlegetpointer(sval,'v',sv,istatus);ier=istatus+ier
  call gsi_bundlegetpointer(sval,'w',sw,istatus)
  if (istatus==0) then
     include_w=.true.
  else
     include_w=.false.
  end if
  call gsi_bundlegetpointer(rval,'u',ru,istatus);ier=istatus+ier
  call gsi_bundlegetpointer(rval,'v',rv,istatus);ier=istatus+ier
  call gsi_bundlegetpointer(rval,'w',rw,istatus)
  if (istatus==0) then
     include_w=.true.
  else
     include_w=.false.
  end if

  if(ier/=0)return


  !rwptr => rwhead
  rwptr => rwNode_typecast(rwhead)
  do while (associated(rwptr))
     j1=rwptr%ij(1)
     j2=rwptr%ij(2)
     j3=rwptr%ij(3)
     j4=rwptr%ij(4)
     j5=rwptr%ij(5)
     j6=rwptr%ij(6)
     j7=rwptr%ij(7)
     j8=rwptr%ij(8)
     w1=rwptr%wij(1)
     w2=rwptr%wij(2)
     w3=rwptr%wij(3)
     w4=rwptr%wij(4)
     w5=rwptr%wij(5)
     w6=rwptr%wij(6)
     w7=rwptr%wij(7)
     w8=rwptr%wij(8)

!    Forward model (Tangent Linear; TL)
!    TLVr  =  TLu*costilt*cosazm  +  TLv*costilt*sinazm  +  TLw*sintilt
     val=(w1*su(j1)+ w2*su(j2)+ w3*su(j3)+ w4*su(j4)+ w5*su(j5)+    &
          w6*su(j6)+ w7*su(j7)+ w8*su(j8))*rwptr%cosazm_costilt+    &
         (w1*sv(j1)+ w2*sv(j2)+ w3*sv(j3)+ w4*sv(j4)+ w5*sv(j5)+    &
          w6*sv(j6)+ w7*sv(j7)+ w8*sv(j8))*rwptr%sinazm_costilt
     if(include_w) then
        val=val+(w1*sw(j1)+ w2*sw(j2)+ w3*sw(j3)+ w4*sw(j4)+ w5*sw(j5)+   &
                 w6*sw(j6)+ w7*sw(j7)+ w8*sw(j8))*rwptr%sintilt
     end if


     if(luse_obsdiag)then
        if (lsaveobsens) then
           grad = val*rwptr%raterr2*rwptr%err2
           !-- rwptr%diags%obssen(jiter) = grad
           call obsdiagNode_set(rwptr%diags,jiter=jiter,obssen=grad)
        else
           !-- if (rwptr%luse) rwptr%diags%tldepart(jiter)=val
           if (rwptr%luse) call obsdiagNode_set(rwptr%diags,jiter=jiter,tldepart=val)
        endif
     endif

     if (l_do_adjoint) then
        if (.not. lsaveobsens) then
           if( .not. ladtest_obs ) val=val-rwptr%res

!          gradient of nonlinear operator
           if (nlnqc_iter .and. rwptr%pg > tiny_r_kind .and. &
                                rwptr%b  > tiny_r_kind) then
              pg_rw=rwptr%pg*varqc_iter
              cg_rw=cg_term/rwptr%b
              wnotgross= one-pg_rw
              wgross = pg_rw*cg_rw/wnotgross
              p0   = wgross/(wgross+exp(-half*rwptr%err2*val**2))
              val = val*(one-p0)
           endif

           if( ladtest_obs)  then
              grad = val
           else
              grad = val*rwptr%raterr2*rwptr%err2
           end if

        endif

!       Adjoint (AD)
        valu=rwptr%cosazm_costilt*grad  ! ADVr_u = costilt*cosazm*ADVr
        valv=rwptr%sinazm_costilt*grad  ! ADVr_v = costilt*sinazm*ADVr
        if(include_w) valw=rwptr%sintilt*grad ! ADVr_w = sintilt*ADVr
        ru(j1)=ru(j1)+w1*valu                 ! ADu = ADu + ADVr_u
        ru(j2)=ru(j2)+w2*valu
        ru(j3)=ru(j3)+w3*valu
        ru(j4)=ru(j4)+w4*valu
        ru(j5)=ru(j5)+w5*valu
        ru(j6)=ru(j6)+w6*valu
        ru(j7)=ru(j7)+w7*valu
        ru(j8)=ru(j8)+w8*valu
        rv(j1)=rv(j1)+w1*valv                 ! ADv = ADv + ADVr_v
        rv(j2)=rv(j2)+w2*valv
        rv(j3)=rv(j3)+w3*valv
        rv(j4)=rv(j4)+w4*valv
        rv(j5)=rv(j5)+w5*valv
        rv(j6)=rv(j6)+w6*valv
        rv(j7)=rv(j7)+w7*valv
        rv(j8)=rv(j8)+w8*valv
        if(include_w) then 
           rw(j1)=rw(j1)+w1*valw              ! ADw = ADw + ADVr_w
           rw(j2)=rw(j2)+w2*valw
           rw(j3)=rw(j3)+w3*valw
           rw(j4)=rw(j4)+w4*valw
           rw(j5)=rw(j5)+w5*valw
           rw(j6)=rw(j6)+w6*valw
           rw(j7)=rw(j7)+w7*valw
           rw(j8)=rw(j8)+w8*valw
        end if
     endif

     !rwptr => rwptr%llpoint
     rwptr => rwNode_nextcast(rwptr)
  end do
  return
end subroutine intrw_

end module intrwmod