MODULE module_mp_wsm6

   USE module_utility, ONLY: WRFU_Clock, WRFU_Alarm
   USE module_domain, ONLY : HISTORY_ALARM, Is_alarm_tstep
   USE module_mp_radar

   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: dtcldcr     = 120. 
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: n0r = 8.e6         

   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: avtr = 841.9       
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: bvtr = 0.8         
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: r0 = .8e-5         
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: peaut = .55        
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: xncr = 3.e8        
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: xmyu = 1.718e-5    
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: avts = 11.72       
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: bvts = .41         



   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: n0smax =  1.e11    
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: lamdarmax = 8.e4   
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: lamdasmax = 1.e5   

   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: dicon = 11.9       
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: dimax = 500.e-6    
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: n0s = 2.e6         
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: alpha = .12        
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: pfrz1 = 100.       
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: pfrz2 = 0.66       
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: qcrmin = 1.e-9     
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: eacrc = 1.0        
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: dens  =  100.0     
   REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: qs0   =  6.e-4     
   REAL, SAVE ::                                      &
             qc0, qck1, pidnc,                        & 
             bvtr1,bvtr2,bvtr3,bvtr4,g1pbr,           &
             g3pbr,g4pbr,g5pbro2,pvtr,eacrr,pacrr,    &
             bvtr6,g6pbr,                             &
             precr1,precr2,roqimax,bvts1,             &
             bvts2,bvts3,bvts4,g1pbs,g3pbs,g4pbs,     &
             n0g,avtg,bvtg,deng,lamdagmax,            & 
             g5pbso2,pvts,pacrs,precs1,precs2,pidn0r, &
             pidn0s,xlv1,pacrc,pi,                    &
             bvtg1,bvtg2,bvtg3,bvtg4,g1pbg,           &
             g3pbg,g4pbg,g5pbgo2,pvtg,pacrg,          &
             precg1,precg2,pidn0g,                    &
             rslopermax,rslopesmax,rslopegmax,        &
             rsloperbmax,rslopesbmax,rslopegbmax,     &
             rsloper2max,rslopes2max,rslopeg2max,     &
             rsloper3max,rslopes3max,rslopeg3max
CONTAINS


  SUBROUTINE wsm6(th, q, qc, qr, qi, qs, qg                        &
                 ,den, pii, p, delz                                &
                 ,delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c                    &
                 ,ep1, ep2, qmin                                   &
                 ,XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr                      &
                 ,cliq,cice,psat                                   &
                 ,rain, rainncv                                    &
                 ,snow, snowncv                                    &
                 ,sr                                               &
                 ,refl_10cm, diagflag, do_radar_ref                &
                 ,graupel, graupelncv                              &
                 ,has_reqc, has_reqi, has_reqs                     &  
                 ,re_cloud, re_ice,   re_snow                      &  
                 ,ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde                        &
                 ,ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme                        &
                 ,its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                        &
                                                                   )

  IMPLICIT NONE

  INTEGER,      INTENT(IN   )    ::   ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde , &
                                      ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme , &
                                      its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme , jms:jme ),                 &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                          &
                                                             th,  &
                                                              q,  &
                                                              qc, &
                                                              qi, &
                                                              qr, &
                                                              qs, &
                                                              qg
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme , jms:jme ),                 &
        INTENT(IN   ) ::                                          &
                                                             den, &
                                                             pii, &
                                                               p, &
                                                            delz
  REAL, INTENT(IN   ) ::                                    delt, &
                                                               g, &
                                                              rd, &
                                                              rv, &
                                                             t0c, &
                                                            den0, &
                                                             cpd, &
                                                             cpv, &
                                                             ep1, &
                                                             ep2, &
                                                            qmin, &
                                                             XLS, &
                                                            XLV0, &
                                                            XLF0, &
                                                            cliq, &
                                                            cice, &
                                                            psat, &
                                                            denr
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , jms:jme ),                           &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                    rain, &
                                                         rainncv, &
                                                              sr

  INTEGER, INTENT(IN)::                                           &
                                                        has_reqc, &
                                                        has_reqi, &
                                                        has_reqs
  REAL, DIMENSION(ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme),                     &
        INTENT(INOUT)::                                           &
                                                        re_cloud, &
                                                          re_ice, &
                                                         re_snow

  REAL, DIMENSION(ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme), INTENT(INOUT)::     &  
                                                       refl_10cm


  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , jms:jme ), OPTIONAL,                 &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                    snow, &
                                                         snowncv
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , jms:jme ), OPTIONAL,                 &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                 graupel, &
                                                      graupelncv



  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::   t
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte, 2 ) ::   qci
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte, 3 ) ::   qrs
  INTEGER ::               i,j,k


      REAL, DIMENSION(kts:kte):: qv1d, t1d, p1d, qr1d, qs1d, qg1d, dBZ
      LOGICAL, OPTIONAL, INTENT(IN) :: diagflag
      INTEGER, OPTIONAL, INTENT(IN) :: do_radar_ref


  REAL, DIMENSION( kts:kte ) :: den1d
  REAL, DIMENSION( kts:kte ) :: qc1d
  REAL, DIMENSION( kts:kte ) :: qi1d
  REAL, DIMENSION( kts:kte ) :: re_qc, re_qi, re_qs

      DO j=jts,jte
         DO k=kts,kte
         DO i=its,ite
            t(i,k)=th(i,k,j)*pii(i,k,j)
            qci(i,k,1) = qc(i,k,j)
            qci(i,k,2) = qi(i,k,j)
            qrs(i,k,1) = qr(i,k,j)
            qrs(i,k,2) = qs(i,k,j)
            qrs(i,k,3) = qg(i,k,j)
         ENDDO
         ENDDO
         
         
         CALL wsm62D(t, q(ims,kms,j), qci, qrs                     &
                    ,den(ims,kms,j)                                &
                    ,p(ims,kms,j), delz(ims,kms,j)                 &
                    ,delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c                 &
                    ,ep1, ep2, qmin                                &
                    ,XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr                   &
                    ,cliq,cice,psat                                &
                    ,j                                             &
                    ,rain(ims,j),rainncv(ims,j)                    &
                    ,sr(ims,j)                                     &
                    ,ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde                     &
                    ,ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme                     &
                    ,its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                     &
                    ,snow,snowncv                                  &
                    ,graupel,graupelncv                            &
                                                                   )
         DO K=kts,kte
         DO I=its,ite
            th(i,k,j)=t(i,k)/pii(i,k,j)
            qc(i,k,j) = qci(i,k,1)
            qi(i,k,j) = qci(i,k,2)
            qr(i,k,j) = qrs(i,k,1)
            qs(i,k,j) = qrs(i,k,2)
            qg(i,k,j) = qrs(i,k,3)
         ENDDO
         ENDDO


         IF ( PRESENT (diagflag) ) THEN
         if (diagflag .and. do_radar_ref == 1) then
            DO I=its,ite
               DO K=kts,kte
                  t1d(k)=th(i,k,j)*pii(i,k,j)
                  p1d(k)=p(i,k,j)
                  qv1d(k)=q(i,k,j)
                  qr1d(k)=qr(i,k,j)
                  qs1d(k)=qs(i,k,j)
                  qg1d(k)=qg(i,k,j)
               ENDDO
               call refl10cm_wsm6 (qv1d, qr1d, qs1d, qg1d,              &
                       t1d, p1d, dBZ, kts, kte, i, j)
               do k = kts, kte
                  refl_10cm(i,k,j) = MAX(-35., dBZ(k))
               enddo
            ENDDO
         endif
         ENDIF

        if (has_reqc.ne.0 .and. has_reqi.ne.0 .and. has_reqs.ne.0) then
          do i=its,ite
            do k=kts,kte
              re_qc(k) = 2.51E-6
              re_qi(k) = 10.01E-6
              re_qs(k) = 25.E-6

              t1d(k)  = th(i,k,j)*pii(i,k,j)
              den1d(k)= den(i,k,j)
              qc1d(k) = qc(i,k,j)
              qi1d(k) = qi(i,k,j)
              qs1d(k) = qs(i,k,j)
            enddo
            call effectRad_wsm6(t1d, qc1d, qi1d, qs1d, den1d,           &
                                qmin, t0c, re_qc, re_qi, re_qs,         &
                                kts, kte, i, j)
            do k=kts,kte
              re_cloud(i,k,j) = MAX(2.51E-6,  MIN(re_qc(k),  50.E-6))
              re_ice(i,k,j)   = MAX(10.01E-6, MIN(re_qi(k), 125.E-6))
              re_snow(i,k,j)  = MAX(25.E-6,   MIN(re_qs(k), 999.E-6))
            enddo 
          enddo   
        endif     

      ENDDO
  END SUBROUTINE wsm6


  SUBROUTINE wsm62D(t, q                                          &   
                   ,qci, qrs, den, p, delz                        &
                   ,delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c                 &
                   ,ep1, ep2, qmin                                &
                   ,XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr                   &
                   ,cliq,cice,psat                                &
                   ,lat                                           &
                   ,rain,rainncv                                  &
                   ,sr                                            &
                   ,ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde                     &
                   ,ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme                     &
                   ,its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte                     &
                   ,snow,snowncv                                  &
                   ,graupel,graupelncv                            &
                                                                  )

  IMPLICIT NONE







































  INTEGER,      INTENT(IN   )    ::   ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde , &
                                      ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme , &
                                      its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte,  &
                                      lat
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ),                           &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                          &
                                                               t
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte, 2 ),                        &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                          &
                                                             qci
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte, 3 ),                        &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                          &
                                                             qrs
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme ),                           &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                          &
                                                               q
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme ),                           &
        INTENT(IN   ) ::                                          &
                                                             den, &
                                                               p, &
                                                            delz
  REAL, INTENT(IN   ) ::                                    delt, &
                                                               g, &
                                                             cpd, &
                                                             cpv, &
                                                             t0c, &
                                                            den0, &
                                                              rd, &
                                                              rv, &
                                                             ep1, &
                                                             ep2, &
                                                            qmin, &
                                                             XLS, &
                                                            XLV0, &
                                                            XLF0, &
                                                            cliq, &
                                                            cice, &
                                                            psat, &
                                                            denr
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime ),                                     &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                    rain, &
                                                         rainncv, &
                                                              sr
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme ), OPTIONAL,                  &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                    snow, &
                                                         snowncv
  REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme ), OPTIONAL,                  &
        INTENT(INOUT) ::                                 graupel, &
                                                      graupelncv



  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte , 3) ::                      &
                                                              rh, &
                                                              qs, &
                                                          rslope, &
                                                         rslope2, &
                                                         rslope3, &
                                                         rslopeb, &
                                                         qrs_tmp, & 
                                                            falk, &
                                                            fall, &
                                                           work1
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                         &
                                                           fallc, &
                                                           falkc, &
                                                          work1c, &
                                                          work2c, &
                                                           workr, &
                                                           worka
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                         &
                                                         den_tmp, &
                                                        delz_tmp
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                         &
                                                           pigen, &
                                                           pidep, &
                                                           pcond, &
                                                           prevp, &
                                                           psevp, &
                                                           pgevp, &
                                                           psdep, &
                                                           pgdep, &
                                                           praut, &
                                                           psaut, &
                                                           pgaut, &
                                                           piacr, &
                                                           pracw, &
                                                           praci, &
                                                           pracs, &
                                                           psacw, &
                                                           psaci, &
                                                           psacr, &
                                                           pgacw, &
                                                           pgaci, &
                                                           pgacr, &
                                                           pgacs, &
                                                           paacw, &
                                                           psmlt, &
                                                           pgmlt, &
                                                           pseml, &
                                                           pgeml
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                         &
                                                            qsum, &
                                                              xl, &
                                                             cpm, &
                                                           work2, &
                                                          denfac, &
                                                             xni, &
                                                         denqrs1, &
                                                         denqrs2, &
                                                         denqrs3, &
                                                          denqci, & 
                                                          n0sfac
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                          delqrs1, &
                                                         delqrs2, &
                                                         delqrs3, &
                                                           delqi  
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                        tstepsnow, &
                                                      tstepgraup
  INTEGER, DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                         mstep, &
                                                           numdt
  LOGICAL, DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                        flgcld
  REAL  ::                                                        &
            cpmcal, xlcal, diffus,                                &
            viscos, xka, venfac, conden, diffac,                  &
            x, y, z, a, b, c, d, e,                               &
            qdt, holdrr, holdrs, holdrg, supcol, supcolt, pvt,    &
            coeres, supsat, dtcld, xmi, eacrs, satdt,             &
            qimax, diameter, xni0, roqi0,                         &
            fallsum, fallsum_qsi, fallsum_qg,                     &
            vt2i,vt2r,vt2s,vt2g,acrfac,egs,egi,                   &
            xlwork2, factor, source, value,                       &
            xlf, pfrzdtc, pfrzdtr, supice, alpha2, delta2, delta3  
  REAL  :: vt2ave
  REAL  :: holdc, holdci
  INTEGER :: i, j, k, mstepmax,                                   &
            iprt, latd, lond, loop, loops, ifsat, n, idim, kdim

  REAL  :: dldti, xb, xai, tr, xbi, xa, hvap, cvap, hsub, dldt, ttp

  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite ) ::                             tvec1
  REAL                       ::                              temp




      cpmcal(x) = cpd*(1.-max(x,qmin))+max(x,qmin)*cpv
      xlcal(x) = xlv0-xlv1*(x-t0c)





      diffus(x,y) = 8.794e-5 * exp(log(x)*(1.81)) / y        
      viscos(x,y) = 1.496e-6 * (x*sqrt(x)) /(x+120.)/y  
      xka(x,y) = 1.414e3*viscos(x,y)*y
      diffac(a,b,c,d,e) = d*a*a/(xka(c,d)*rv*c*c)+1./(e*diffus(c,b))
      venfac(a,b,c) = exp(log((viscos(b,c)/diffus(b,a)))*((.3333333)))         &
                     /sqrt(viscos(b,c))*sqrt(sqrt(den0/c))
      conden(a,b,c,d,e) = (max(b,qmin)-c)/(1.+d*d/(rv*e)*c/(a*a))


      idim = ite-its+1
      kdim = kte-kts+1




      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          qci(i,k,1) = max(qci(i,k,1),0.0)
          qrs(i,k,1) = max(qrs(i,k,1),0.0)
          qci(i,k,2) = max(qci(i,k,2),0.0)
          qrs(i,k,2) = max(qrs(i,k,2),0.0)
          qrs(i,k,3) = max(qrs(i,k,3),0.0)
        enddo
      enddo






      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          cpm(i,k) = cpmcal(q(i,k))
          xl(i,k) = xlcal(t(i,k))
        enddo
      enddo
      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          delz_tmp(i,k) = delz(i,k)
          den_tmp(i,k) = den(i,k)
        enddo
      enddo




      do i = its, ite
        rainncv(i) = 0.
        if(PRESENT (snowncv) .AND. PRESENT (snow)) snowncv(i,lat) = 0.
        if(PRESENT (graupelncv) .AND. PRESENT (graupel)) graupelncv(i,lat) = 0.
        sr(i) = 0.

        tstepsnow(i) = 0.
        tstepgraup(i) = 0.
      enddo




      loops = max(nint(delt/dtcldcr),1)
      dtcld = delt/loops
      if(delt.le.dtcldcr) dtcld = delt

      do loop = 1,loops




      do i = its, ite
        mstep(i) = 1
        flgcld(i) = .true.
      enddo






      do k = kts, kte
        CALL vsrec( tvec1(its), den(its,k), ite-its+1)
        do i = its, ite
          tvec1(i) = tvec1(i)*den0
        enddo
        CALL vssqrt( denfac(its,k), tvec1(its), ite-its+1)
      enddo




      hsub = xls
      hvap = xlv0
      cvap = cpv
      ttp=t0c+0.01
      dldt=cvap-cliq
      xa=-dldt/rv
      xb=xa+hvap/(rv*ttp)
      dldti=cvap-cice
      xai=-dldti/rv
      xbi=xai+hsub/(rv*ttp)
      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          tr=ttp/t(i,k)
          qs(i,k,1)=psat*exp(log(tr)*(xa))*exp(xb*(1.-tr))
          qs(i,k,1) = min(qs(i,k,1),0.99*p(i,k))
          qs(i,k,1) = ep2 * qs(i,k,1) / (p(i,k) - qs(i,k,1))
          qs(i,k,1) = max(qs(i,k,1),qmin)
          rh(i,k,1) = max(q(i,k) / qs(i,k,1),qmin)
          tr=ttp/t(i,k)
          if(t(i,k).lt.ttp) then
            qs(i,k,2)=psat*exp(log(tr)*(xai))*exp(xbi*(1.-tr))
          else
            qs(i,k,2)=psat*exp(log(tr)*(xa))*exp(xb*(1.-tr))
          endif
          qs(i,k,2) = min(qs(i,k,2),0.99*p(i,k))
          qs(i,k,2) = ep2 * qs(i,k,2) / (p(i,k) - qs(i,k,2))
          qs(i,k,2) = max(qs(i,k,2),qmin)
          rh(i,k,2) = max(q(i,k) / qs(i,k,2),qmin)
        enddo
      enddo





      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          prevp(i,k) = 0.
          psdep(i,k) = 0.
          pgdep(i,k) = 0.
          praut(i,k) = 0.
          psaut(i,k) = 0.
          pgaut(i,k) = 0.
          pracw(i,k) = 0.
          praci(i,k) = 0.
          piacr(i,k) = 0.
          psaci(i,k) = 0.
          psacw(i,k) = 0.
          pracs(i,k) = 0.
          psacr(i,k) = 0.
          pgacw(i,k) = 0.
          paacw(i,k) = 0.
          pgaci(i,k) = 0.
          pgacr(i,k) = 0.
          pgacs(i,k) = 0.
          pigen(i,k) = 0.
          pidep(i,k) = 0.
          pcond(i,k) = 0.
          psmlt(i,k) = 0.
          pgmlt(i,k) = 0.
          pseml(i,k) = 0.
          pgeml(i,k) = 0.
          psevp(i,k) = 0.
          pgevp(i,k) = 0.
          falk(i,k,1) = 0.
          falk(i,k,2) = 0.
          falk(i,k,3) = 0.
          fall(i,k,1) = 0.
          fall(i,k,2) = 0.
          fall(i,k,3) = 0.
          fallc(i,k) = 0.
          falkc(i,k) = 0.
          xni(i,k) = 1.e3
        enddo
      enddo



      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          temp = (den(i,k)*max(qci(i,k,2),qmin))
          temp = sqrt(sqrt(temp*temp*temp))
          xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7*temp,1.e3),1.e6)
        enddo
      enddo





      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          qrs_tmp(i,k,1) = qrs(i,k,1)
          qrs_tmp(i,k,2) = qrs(i,k,2)
          qrs_tmp(i,k,3) = qrs(i,k,3)
        enddo
      enddo
      call slope_wsm6(qrs_tmp,den_tmp,denfac,t,rslope,rslopeb,rslope2,rslope3, & 
                     work1,its,ite,kts,kte)

      do k = kte, kts, -1
        do i = its, ite
          workr(i,k) = work1(i,k,1)
          qsum(i,k) = max( (qrs(i,k,2)+qrs(i,k,3)), 1.E-15)
          IF ( qsum(i,k) .gt. 1.e-15 ) THEN
            worka(i,k) = (work1(i,k,2)*qrs(i,k,2) + work1(i,k,3)*qrs(i,k,3)) &
                      /qsum(i,k)
          ELSE
            worka(i,k) = 0.
          ENDIF
          denqrs1(i,k) = den(i,k)*qrs(i,k,1)
          denqrs2(i,k) = den(i,k)*qrs(i,k,2)
          denqrs3(i,k) = den(i,k)*qrs(i,k,3)
          if(qrs(i,k,1).le.0.0) workr(i,k) = 0.0
        enddo
      enddo
      call nislfv_rain_plm(idim,kdim,den_tmp,denfac,t,delz_tmp,workr,denqrs1,  &
                           delqrs1,dtcld,1,1)
      call nislfv_rain_plm6(idim,kdim,den_tmp,denfac,t,delz_tmp,worka,         & 
                           denqrs2,denqrs3,delqrs2,delqrs3,dtcld,1,1)
      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          qrs(i,k,1) = max(denqrs1(i,k)/den(i,k),0.)
          qrs(i,k,2) = max(denqrs2(i,k)/den(i,k),0.)
          qrs(i,k,3) = max(denqrs3(i,k)/den(i,k),0.)
          fall(i,k,1) = denqrs1(i,k)*workr(i,k)/delz(i,k)
          fall(i,k,2) = denqrs2(i,k)*worka(i,k)/delz(i,k)
          fall(i,k,3) = denqrs3(i,k)*worka(i,k)/delz(i,k)
        enddo
      enddo
      do i = its, ite
        fall(i,1,1) = delqrs1(i)/delz(i,1)/dtcld
        fall(i,1,2) = delqrs2(i)/delz(i,1)/dtcld
        fall(i,1,3) = delqrs3(i)/delz(i,1)/dtcld
      enddo
      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          qrs_tmp(i,k,1) = qrs(i,k,1)
          qrs_tmp(i,k,2) = qrs(i,k,2)
          qrs_tmp(i,k,3) = qrs(i,k,3)
        enddo
      enddo
      call slope_wsm6(qrs_tmp,den_tmp,denfac,t,rslope,rslopeb,rslope2,rslope3, &
                     work1,its,ite,kts,kte)

      do k = kte, kts, -1 
        do i = its, ite
          supcol = t0c-t(i,k)
          n0sfac(i,k) = max(min(exp(alpha*supcol),n0smax/n0s),1.)
          if(t(i,k).gt.t0c) then




            xlf = xlf0
            work2(i,k) = venfac(p(i,k),t(i,k),den(i,k))
            if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.0.) then
              coeres = rslope2(i,k,2)*sqrt(rslope(i,k,2)*rslopeb(i,k,2))
              psmlt(i,k) = xka(t(i,k),den(i,k))/xlf*(t0c-t(i,k))*pi/2.       &
                         *n0sfac(i,k)*(precs1*rslope2(i,k,2)                 &
                         +precs2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/den(i,k)
              psmlt(i,k) = min(max(psmlt(i,k)*dtcld/mstep(i),                &
                          -qrs(i,k,2)/mstep(i)),0.)
              qrs(i,k,2) = qrs(i,k,2) + psmlt(i,k)
              qrs(i,k,1) = qrs(i,k,1) - psmlt(i,k)
              t(i,k) = t(i,k) + xlf/cpm(i,k)*psmlt(i,k)
            endif




            if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.0.) then
              coeres = rslope2(i,k,3)*sqrt(rslope(i,k,3)*rslopeb(i,k,3))
              pgmlt(i,k) = xka(t(i,k),den(i,k))/xlf                          &
                         *(t0c-t(i,k))*(precg1*rslope2(i,k,3)                &
                         +precg2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/den(i,k)
              pgmlt(i,k) = min(max(pgmlt(i,k)*dtcld/mstep(i),                &
                          -qrs(i,k,3)/mstep(i)),0.)                          
              qrs(i,k,3) = qrs(i,k,3) + pgmlt(i,k)
              qrs(i,k,1) = qrs(i,k,1) - pgmlt(i,k)
              t(i,k) = t(i,k) + xlf/cpm(i,k)*pgmlt(i,k)
            endif
          endif
        enddo
      enddo



      do k = kte, kts, -1
        do i = its, ite
          if(qci(i,k,2).le.0.) then
            work1c(i,k) = 0.
          else
            xmi = den(i,k)*qci(i,k,2)/xni(i,k)
            diameter  = max(min(dicon * sqrt(xmi),dimax), 1.e-25)
            work1c(i,k) = 1.49e4*exp(log(diameter)*(1.31))
          endif
        enddo
      enddo



      do k = kte, kts, -1
        do i = its, ite
          denqci(i,k) = den(i,k)*qci(i,k,2)
        enddo
      enddo
      call nislfv_rain_plm(idim,kdim,den_tmp,denfac,t,delz_tmp,work1c,denqci,  &
                           delqi,dtcld,1,0)
      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          qci(i,k,2) = max(denqci(i,k)/den(i,k),0.)
        enddo
      enddo
      do i = its, ite
        fallc(i,1) = delqi(i)/delz(i,1)/dtcld
      enddo




      do i = its, ite
        fallsum = fall(i,kts,1)+fall(i,kts,2)+fall(i,kts,3)+fallc(i,kts)
        fallsum_qsi = fall(i,kts,2)+fallc(i,kts)
        fallsum_qg = fall(i,kts,3)
        if(fallsum.gt.0.) then
          rainncv(i) = fallsum*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000. + rainncv(i)
          rain(i) = fallsum*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000. + rain(i)
        endif
        if(fallsum_qsi.gt.0.) then
          tstepsnow(i)   = fallsum_qsi*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000.            &
                           +tstepsnow(i)
        IF ( PRESENT (snowncv) .AND. PRESENT (snow)) THEN
          snowncv(i,lat) = fallsum_qsi*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000.            & 
                           +snowncv(i,lat)
          snow(i,lat) = fallsum_qsi*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000. + snow(i,lat)
        ENDIF
        endif
        if(fallsum_qg.gt.0.) then
          tstepgraup(i)  = fallsum_qg*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000.            &
                           +tstepgraup(i)
        IF ( PRESENT (graupelncv) .AND. PRESENT (graupel)) THEN
          graupelncv(i,lat) = fallsum_qg*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000.          &   
                              + graupelncv(i,lat)
          graupel(i,lat) = fallsum_qg*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000. + graupel(i,lat)
        ENDIF
        endif
        IF ( PRESENT (snowncv)) THEN
          if(fallsum.gt.0.)sr(i)=(snowncv(i,lat) + graupelncv(i,lat))/(rainncv(i)+1.e-12)
        ELSE
          if(fallsum.gt.0.)sr(i)=(tstepsnow(i) + tstepgraup(i))/(rainncv(i)+1.e-12)
        ENDIF
      enddo





      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          supcol = t0c-t(i,k)
          xlf = xls-xl(i,k)
          if(supcol.lt.0.) xlf = xlf0
          if(supcol.lt.0.and.qci(i,k,2).gt.0.) then
            qci(i,k,1) = qci(i,k,1) + qci(i,k,2)
            t(i,k) = t(i,k) - xlf/cpm(i,k)*qci(i,k,2)
            qci(i,k,2) = 0.
          endif




          if(supcol.gt.40..and.qci(i,k,1).gt.0.) then
            qci(i,k,2) = qci(i,k,2) + qci(i,k,1)
            t(i,k) = t(i,k) + xlf/cpm(i,k)*qci(i,k,1)
            qci(i,k,1) = 0.
          endif




          if(supcol.gt.0..and.qci(i,k,1).gt.qmin) then


            supcolt=min(supcol,50.)
            pfrzdtc = min(pfrz1*(exp(pfrz2*supcolt)-1.)                        &
            *den(i,k)/denr/xncr*qci(i,k,1)*qci(i,k,1)*dtcld,qci(i,k,1))
            qci(i,k,2) = qci(i,k,2) + pfrzdtc
            t(i,k) = t(i,k) + xlf/cpm(i,k)*pfrzdtc
            qci(i,k,1) = qci(i,k,1)-pfrzdtc
          endif




          if(supcol.gt.0..and.qrs(i,k,1).gt.0.) then



            temp = rslope3(i,k,1)
            temp = temp*temp*rslope(i,k,1)
            supcolt=min(supcol,50.)
            pfrzdtr = min(20.*(pi*pi)*pfrz1*n0r*denr/den(i,k)                  &
                  *(exp(pfrz2*supcolt)-1.)*temp*dtcld,                         &
                  qrs(i,k,1))
            qrs(i,k,3) = qrs(i,k,3) + pfrzdtr
            t(i,k) = t(i,k) + xlf/cpm(i,k)*pfrzdtr
            qrs(i,k,1) = qrs(i,k,1)-pfrzdtr
          endif
        enddo
      enddo





      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          qrs_tmp(i,k,1) = qrs(i,k,1)
          qrs_tmp(i,k,2) = qrs(i,k,2)
          qrs_tmp(i,k,3) = qrs(i,k,3)
        enddo
      enddo
      call slope_wsm6(qrs_tmp,den_tmp,denfac,t,rslope,rslopeb,rslope2,rslope3, &
                     work1,its,ite,kts,kte)






      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          work1(i,k,1) = diffac(xl(i,k),p(i,k),t(i,k),den(i,k),qs(i,k,1))
          work1(i,k,2) = diffac(xls,p(i,k),t(i,k),den(i,k),qs(i,k,2))
          work2(i,k) = venfac(p(i,k),t(i,k),den(i,k))
        enddo
      enddo









      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          supsat = max(q(i,k),qmin)-qs(i,k,1)
          satdt = supsat/dtcld




          if(qci(i,k,1).gt.qc0) then
            praut(i,k) = qck1*qci(i,k,1)**(7./3.)
            praut(i,k) = min(praut(i,k),qci(i,k,1)/dtcld)
          endif




          if(qrs(i,k,1).gt.qcrmin.and.qci(i,k,1).gt.qmin) then
            pracw(i,k) = min(pacrr*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslopeb(i,k,1)               &
                        *qci(i,k,1)*denfac(i,k),qci(i,k,1)/dtcld)
          endif




          if(qrs(i,k,1).gt.0.) then
            coeres = rslope2(i,k,1)*sqrt(rslope(i,k,1)*rslopeb(i,k,1))
            prevp(i,k) = (rh(i,k,1)-1.)*(precr1*rslope2(i,k,1)                 &
                         +precr2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k,1)
            if(prevp(i,k).lt.0.) then
              prevp(i,k) = max(prevp(i,k),-qrs(i,k,1)/dtcld)
              prevp(i,k) = max(prevp(i,k),satdt/2)
            else
              prevp(i,k) = min(prevp(i,k),satdt/2)
            endif
          endif
        enddo
      enddo














      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          supcol = t0c-t(i,k)
          n0sfac(i,k) = max(min(exp(alpha*supcol),n0smax/n0s),1.)
          supsat = max(q(i,k),qmin)-qs(i,k,2)
          satdt = supsat/dtcld
          ifsat = 0





          temp = (den(i,k)*max(qci(i,k,2),qmin))
          temp = sqrt(sqrt(temp*temp*temp))
          xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7*temp,1.e3),1.e6)
          eacrs = exp(0.07*(-supcol))

          xmi = den(i,k)*qci(i,k,2)/xni(i,k)
          diameter  = min(dicon * sqrt(xmi),dimax)
          vt2i = 1.49e4*diameter**1.31
          vt2r=pvtr*rslopeb(i,k,1)*denfac(i,k)
          vt2s=pvts*rslopeb(i,k,2)*denfac(i,k)
          vt2g=pvtg*rslopeb(i,k,3)*denfac(i,k)
          qsum(i,k) = max( (qrs(i,k,2)+qrs(i,k,3)), 1.E-15)
          if(qsum(i,k) .gt. 1.e-15) then
          vt2ave=(vt2s*qrs(i,k,2)+vt2g*qrs(i,k,3))/(qsum(i,k))
          else
          vt2ave=0.
          endif
          if(supcol.gt.0.and.qci(i,k,2).gt.qmin) then
            if(qrs(i,k,1).gt.qcrmin) then




              acrfac = 2.*rslope3(i,k,1)+2.*diameter*rslope2(i,k,1)            &
                      +diameter**2*rslope(i,k,1)
              praci(i,k) = pi*qci(i,k,2)*n0r*abs(vt2r-vt2i)*acrfac/4.
              praci(i,k) = min(praci(i,k),qci(i,k,2)/dtcld)




              piacr(i,k) = pi**2*avtr*n0r*denr*xni(i,k)*denfac(i,k)            &
                          *g6pbr*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslope3(i,k,1)                 &
                          *rslopeb(i,k,1)/24./den(i,k)
              piacr(i,k) = min(piacr(i,k),qrs(i,k,1)/dtcld)
            endif




            if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.qcrmin) then
              acrfac = 2.*rslope3(i,k,2)+2.*diameter*rslope2(i,k,2)            &
                      +diameter**2*rslope(i,k,2)
              psaci(i,k) = pi*qci(i,k,2)*eacrs*n0s*n0sfac(i,k)                 &
                          *abs(vt2ave-vt2i)*acrfac/4.
              psaci(i,k) = min(psaci(i,k),qci(i,k,2)/dtcld)
            endif




            if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.qcrmin) then
              egi = exp(0.07*(-supcol))
              acrfac = 2.*rslope3(i,k,3)+2.*diameter*rslope2(i,k,3)            &
                      +diameter**2*rslope(i,k,3)
              pgaci(i,k) = pi*egi*qci(i,k,2)*n0g*abs(vt2ave-vt2i)*acrfac/4.
              pgaci(i,k) = min(pgaci(i,k),qci(i,k,2)/dtcld)
            endif
          endif




          if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.qcrmin.and.qci(i,k,1).gt.qmin) then
            psacw(i,k) = min(pacrc*n0sfac(i,k)*rslope3(i,k,2)*rslopeb(i,k,2)   &    
                        *qci(i,k,1)*denfac(i,k),qci(i,k,1)/dtcld)
          endif




          if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.qcrmin.and.qci(i,k,1).gt.qmin) then
            pgacw(i,k) = min(pacrg*rslope3(i,k,3)*rslopeb(i,k,3)               &
                        *qci(i,k,1)*denfac(i,k),qci(i,k,1)/dtcld)
          endif




          if(qsum(i,k) .gt. 1.e-15) then
            paacw(i,k) = (qrs(i,k,2)*psacw(i,k)+qrs(i,k,3)*pgacw(i,k))         & 
                        /(qsum(i,k))
          endif      




          if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.qcrmin.and.qrs(i,k,1).gt.qcrmin) then
            if(supcol.gt.0) then
              acrfac = 5.*rslope3(i,k,2)*rslope3(i,k,2)*rslope(i,k,1)          &
                      +2.*rslope3(i,k,2)*rslope2(i,k,2)*rslope2(i,k,1)         &
                      +.5*rslope2(i,k,2)*rslope2(i,k,2)*rslope3(i,k,1)
              pracs(i,k) = pi**2*n0r*n0s*n0sfac(i,k)*abs(vt2r-vt2ave)          &
                          *(dens/den(i,k))*acrfac
              pracs(i,k) = min(pracs(i,k),qrs(i,k,2)/dtcld)
            endif




            acrfac = 5.*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslope(i,k,2)            &
                    +2.*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslope2(i,k,1)*rslope2(i,k,2)           &
                    +.5*rslope2(i,k,1)*rslope2(i,k,1)*rslope3(i,k,2)
            psacr(i,k) = pi**2*n0r*n0s*n0sfac(i,k)*abs(vt2ave-vt2r)            &
                        *(denr/den(i,k))*acrfac
            psacr(i,k) = min(psacr(i,k),qrs(i,k,1)/dtcld)
          endif




          if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.qcrmin.and.qrs(i,k,1).gt.qcrmin) then
            acrfac = 5.*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslope(i,k,3)            &
                    +2.*rslope3(i,k,1)*rslope2(i,k,1)*rslope2(i,k,3)           &
                    +.5*rslope2(i,k,1)*rslope2(i,k,1)*rslope3(i,k,3)
            pgacr(i,k) = pi**2*n0r*n0g*abs(vt2ave-vt2r)*(denr/den(i,k))        &
                        *acrfac
            pgacr(i,k) = min(pgacr(i,k),qrs(i,k,1)/dtcld)
          endif






          if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.qcrmin.and.qrs(i,k,2).gt.qcrmin) then
            pgacs(i,k) = 0.
          endif
          if(supcol.le.0) then
            xlf = xlf0




            if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.0.)                                               &
              pseml(i,k) = min(max(cliq*supcol*(paacw(i,k)+psacr(i,k))         &
                          /xlf,-qrs(i,k,2)/dtcld),0.)




            if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.0.)                                               &
              pgeml(i,k) = min(max(cliq*supcol*(paacw(i,k)+pgacr(i,k))         &
                          /xlf,-qrs(i,k,3)/dtcld),0.)
          endif
          if(supcol.gt.0) then




            if(qci(i,k,2).gt.0.and.ifsat.ne.1) then
              pidep(i,k) = 4.*diameter*xni(i,k)*(rh(i,k,2)-1.)/work1(i,k,2)
              supice = satdt-prevp(i,k)
              if(pidep(i,k).lt.0.) then
                pidep(i,k) = max(max(pidep(i,k),satdt/2),supice)
                pidep(i,k) = max(pidep(i,k),-qci(i,k,2)/dtcld)
              else
                pidep(i,k) = min(min(pidep(i,k),satdt/2),supice)
              endif
              if(abs(prevp(i,k)+pidep(i,k)).ge.abs(satdt)) ifsat = 1
            endif




            if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.0..and.ifsat.ne.1) then
              coeres = rslope2(i,k,2)*sqrt(rslope(i,k,2)*rslopeb(i,k,2))
              psdep(i,k) = (rh(i,k,2)-1.)*n0sfac(i,k)*(precs1*rslope2(i,k,2)   &    
                           + precs2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k,2)
              supice = satdt-prevp(i,k)-pidep(i,k)
              if(psdep(i,k).lt.0.) then
                psdep(i,k) = max(psdep(i,k),-qrs(i,k,2)/dtcld)
                psdep(i,k) = max(max(psdep(i,k),satdt/2),supice)
              else
                psdep(i,k) = min(min(psdep(i,k),satdt/2),supice)
              endif
              if(abs(prevp(i,k)+pidep(i,k)+psdep(i,k)).ge.abs(satdt))          &
                ifsat = 1
            endif




            if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.0..and.ifsat.ne.1) then
              coeres = rslope2(i,k,3)*sqrt(rslope(i,k,3)*rslopeb(i,k,3))
              pgdep(i,k) = (rh(i,k,2)-1.)*(precg1*rslope2(i,k,3)               &
                              +precg2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k,2)
              supice = satdt-prevp(i,k)-pidep(i,k)-psdep(i,k)
              if(pgdep(i,k).lt.0.) then
                pgdep(i,k) = max(pgdep(i,k),-qrs(i,k,3)/dtcld)
                pgdep(i,k) = max(max(pgdep(i,k),satdt/2),supice)
              else
                pgdep(i,k) = min(min(pgdep(i,k),satdt/2),supice)
              endif
              if(abs(prevp(i,k)+pidep(i,k)+psdep(i,k)+pgdep(i,k)).ge.          &
                abs(satdt)) ifsat = 1
            endif




            if(supsat.gt.0.and.ifsat.ne.1) then
              supice = satdt-prevp(i,k)-pidep(i,k)-psdep(i,k)-pgdep(i,k)
              xni0 = 1.e3*exp(0.1*supcol)
              roqi0 = 4.92e-11*xni0**1.33
              pigen(i,k) = max(0.,(roqi0/den(i,k)-max(qci(i,k,2),0.))/dtcld)
              pigen(i,k) = min(min(pigen(i,k),satdt),supice)
            endif





            if(qci(i,k,2).gt.0.) then
              qimax = roqimax/den(i,k)
              psaut(i,k) = max(0.,(qci(i,k,2)-qimax)/dtcld)
            endif





            if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.0.) then
              alpha2 = 1.e-3*exp(0.09*(-supcol))
              pgaut(i,k) = min(max(0.,alpha2*(qrs(i,k,2)-qs0)),qrs(i,k,2)/dtcld)
            endif
          endif





          if(supcol.lt.0.) then
            if(qrs(i,k,2).gt.0..and.rh(i,k,1).lt.1.) then
              coeres = rslope2(i,k,2)*sqrt(rslope(i,k,2)*rslopeb(i,k,2))
              psevp(i,k) = (rh(i,k,1)-1.)*n0sfac(i,k)*(precs1                  &
                           *rslope2(i,k,2)+precs2*work2(i,k)                   &
                           *coeres)/work1(i,k,1)
              psevp(i,k) = min(max(psevp(i,k),-qrs(i,k,2)/dtcld),0.)
            endif




            if(qrs(i,k,3).gt.0..and.rh(i,k,1).lt.1.) then
              coeres = rslope2(i,k,3)*sqrt(rslope(i,k,3)*rslopeb(i,k,3))
              pgevp(i,k) = (rh(i,k,1)-1.)*(precg1*rslope2(i,k,3)               &
                         +precg2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k,1)
              pgevp(i,k) = min(max(pgevp(i,k),-qrs(i,k,3)/dtcld),0.)
            endif
          endif
        enddo
      enddo






      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite

          delta2=0.
          delta3=0.
          if(qrs(i,k,1).lt.1.e-4.and.qrs(i,k,2).lt.1.e-4) delta2=1.
          if(qrs(i,k,1).lt.1.e-4) delta3=1.
          if(t(i,k).le.t0c) then



            value = max(qmin,qci(i,k,1))
            source = (praut(i,k)+pracw(i,k)+paacw(i,k)+paacw(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              praut(i,k) = praut(i,k)*factor
              pracw(i,k) = pracw(i,k)*factor
              paacw(i,k) = paacw(i,k)*factor
            endif



            value = max(qmin,qci(i,k,2))
            source = (psaut(i,k)-pigen(i,k)-pidep(i,k)+praci(i,k)+psaci(i,k)   &     
                    +pgaci(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              psaut(i,k) = psaut(i,k)*factor
              pigen(i,k) = pigen(i,k)*factor
              pidep(i,k) = pidep(i,k)*factor
              praci(i,k) = praci(i,k)*factor
              psaci(i,k) = psaci(i,k)*factor
              pgaci(i,k) = pgaci(i,k)*factor
            endif



            value = max(qmin,qrs(i,k,1))
            source = (-praut(i,k)-prevp(i,k)-pracw(i,k)+piacr(i,k)+psacr(i,k)  &    
                     +pgacr(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              praut(i,k) = praut(i,k)*factor
              prevp(i,k) = prevp(i,k)*factor
              pracw(i,k) = pracw(i,k)*factor
              piacr(i,k) = piacr(i,k)*factor
              psacr(i,k) = psacr(i,k)*factor
              pgacr(i,k) = pgacr(i,k)*factor
            endif



            value = max(qmin,qrs(i,k,2))
            source = -(psdep(i,k)+psaut(i,k)-pgaut(i,k)+paacw(i,k)+piacr(i,k)  &        
                     *delta3+praci(i,k)*delta3-pracs(i,k)*(1.-delta2)          &
                     +psacr(i,k)*delta2+psaci(i,k)-pgacs(i,k) )*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              psdep(i,k) = psdep(i,k)*factor
              psaut(i,k) = psaut(i,k)*factor
              pgaut(i,k) = pgaut(i,k)*factor
              paacw(i,k) = paacw(i,k)*factor
              piacr(i,k) = piacr(i,k)*factor
              praci(i,k) = praci(i,k)*factor
              psaci(i,k) = psaci(i,k)*factor
              pracs(i,k) = pracs(i,k)*factor
              psacr(i,k) = psacr(i,k)*factor
              pgacs(i,k) = pgacs(i,k)*factor
            endif



            value = max(qmin,qrs(i,k,3))
            source = -(pgdep(i,k)+pgaut(i,k)                                   &
                     +piacr(i,k)*(1.-delta3)+praci(i,k)*(1.-delta3)            &
                     +psacr(i,k)*(1.-delta2)+pracs(i,k)*(1.-delta2)            &
                     +pgaci(i,k)+paacw(i,k)+pgacr(i,k)+pgacs(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              pgdep(i,k) = pgdep(i,k)*factor
              pgaut(i,k) = pgaut(i,k)*factor
              piacr(i,k) = piacr(i,k)*factor
              praci(i,k) = praci(i,k)*factor
              psacr(i,k) = psacr(i,k)*factor
              pracs(i,k) = pracs(i,k)*factor
              paacw(i,k) = paacw(i,k)*factor
              pgaci(i,k) = pgaci(i,k)*factor
              pgacr(i,k) = pgacr(i,k)*factor
              pgacs(i,k) = pgacs(i,k)*factor
            endif

            work2(i,k)=-(prevp(i,k)+psdep(i,k)+pgdep(i,k)+pigen(i,k)+pidep(i,k))

            q(i,k) = q(i,k)+work2(i,k)*dtcld
            qci(i,k,1) = max(qci(i,k,1)-(praut(i,k)+pracw(i,k)                 &
                           +paacw(i,k)+paacw(i,k))*dtcld,0.)
            qrs(i,k,1) = max(qrs(i,k,1)+(praut(i,k)+pracw(i,k)                 &
                           +prevp(i,k)-piacr(i,k)-pgacr(i,k)                   &
                           -psacr(i,k))*dtcld,0.)
            qci(i,k,2) = max(qci(i,k,2)-(psaut(i,k)+praci(i,k)                 &
                           +psaci(i,k)+pgaci(i,k)-pigen(i,k)-pidep(i,k))       &
                           *dtcld,0.)
            qrs(i,k,2) = max(qrs(i,k,2)+(psdep(i,k)+psaut(i,k)+paacw(i,k)      &
                           -pgaut(i,k)+piacr(i,k)*delta3                       &
                           +praci(i,k)*delta3+psaci(i,k)-pgacs(i,k)            &
                           -pracs(i,k)*(1.-delta2)+psacr(i,k)*delta2)          &
                           *dtcld,0.)
            qrs(i,k,3) = max(qrs(i,k,3)+(pgdep(i,k)+pgaut(i,k)                 &
                           +piacr(i,k)*(1.-delta3)                             &
                           +praci(i,k)*(1.-delta3)+psacr(i,k)*(1.-delta2)      &
                           +pracs(i,k)*(1.-delta2)+pgaci(i,k)+paacw(i,k)       &
                           +pgacr(i,k)+pgacs(i,k))*dtcld,0.)
            xlf = xls-xl(i,k)
            xlwork2 = -xls*(psdep(i,k)+pgdep(i,k)+pidep(i,k)+pigen(i,k))       &
                      -xl(i,k)*prevp(i,k)-xlf*(piacr(i,k)+paacw(i,k)           &
                      +paacw(i,k)+pgacr(i,k)+psacr(i,k))
            t(i,k) = t(i,k)-xlwork2/cpm(i,k)*dtcld
          else



            value = max(qmin,qci(i,k,1))
            source=(praut(i,k)+pracw(i,k)+paacw(i,k)+paacw(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              praut(i,k) = praut(i,k)*factor
              pracw(i,k) = pracw(i,k)*factor
              paacw(i,k) = paacw(i,k)*factor
            endif



            value = max(qmin,qrs(i,k,1))
            source = (-paacw(i,k)-praut(i,k)+pseml(i,k)+pgeml(i,k)-pracw(i,k)  &  
                     -paacw(i,k)-prevp(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              praut(i,k) = praut(i,k)*factor
              prevp(i,k) = prevp(i,k)*factor
              pracw(i,k) = pracw(i,k)*factor
              paacw(i,k) = paacw(i,k)*factor
              pseml(i,k) = pseml(i,k)*factor
              pgeml(i,k) = pgeml(i,k)*factor
            endif



            value = max(qcrmin,qrs(i,k,2))
            source=(pgacs(i,k)-pseml(i,k)-psevp(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              pgacs(i,k) = pgacs(i,k)*factor
              psevp(i,k) = psevp(i,k)*factor
              pseml(i,k) = pseml(i,k)*factor
            endif



            value = max(qcrmin,qrs(i,k,3))
            source=-(pgacs(i,k)+pgevp(i,k)+pgeml(i,k))*dtcld
            if (source.gt.value) then
              factor = value/source
              pgacs(i,k) = pgacs(i,k)*factor
              pgevp(i,k) = pgevp(i,k)*factor
              pgeml(i,k) = pgeml(i,k)*factor
            endif
            work2(i,k)=-(prevp(i,k)+psevp(i,k)+pgevp(i,k))

            q(i,k) = q(i,k)+work2(i,k)*dtcld
            qci(i,k,1) = max(qci(i,k,1)-(praut(i,k)+pracw(i,k)                 &
                    +paacw(i,k)+paacw(i,k))*dtcld,0.)
            qrs(i,k,1) = max(qrs(i,k,1)+(praut(i,k)+pracw(i,k)                 &
                    +prevp(i,k)+paacw(i,k)+paacw(i,k)-pseml(i,k)               &
                    -pgeml(i,k))*dtcld,0.)
            qrs(i,k,2) = max(qrs(i,k,2)+(psevp(i,k)-pgacs(i,k)                 &
                    +pseml(i,k))*dtcld,0.)
            qrs(i,k,3) = max(qrs(i,k,3)+(pgacs(i,k)+pgevp(i,k)                 &
                    +pgeml(i,k))*dtcld,0.)
            xlf = xls-xl(i,k)
            xlwork2 = -xl(i,k)*(prevp(i,k)+psevp(i,k)+pgevp(i,k))              &
                      -xlf*(pseml(i,k)+pgeml(i,k))
            t(i,k) = t(i,k)-xlwork2/cpm(i,k)*dtcld
          endif
        enddo
      enddo




      hsub = xls
      hvap = xlv0
      cvap = cpv
      ttp=t0c+0.01
      dldt=cvap-cliq
      xa=-dldt/rv
      xb=xa+hvap/(rv*ttp)
      dldti=cvap-cice
      xai=-dldti/rv
      xbi=xai+hsub/(rv*ttp)
      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          tr=ttp/t(i,k)
          qs(i,k,1)=psat*exp(log(tr)*(xa))*exp(xb*(1.-tr))
          qs(i,k,1) = min(qs(i,k,1),0.99*p(i,k))
          qs(i,k,1) = ep2 * qs(i,k,1) / (p(i,k) - qs(i,k,1))
          qs(i,k,1) = max(qs(i,k,1),qmin)
          tr=ttp/t(i,k)
          if(t(i,k).lt.ttp) then
            qs(i,k,2)=psat*exp(log(tr)*(xai))*exp(xbi*(1.-tr))
          else
            qs(i,k,2)=psat*exp(log(tr)*(xa))*exp(xb*(1.-tr))
          endif
          qs(i,k,2) = min(qs(i,k,2),0.99*p(i,k))
          qs(i,k,2) = ep2 * qs(i,k,2) / (p(i,k) - qs(i,k,2))
          qs(i,k,2) = max(qs(i,k,2),qmin)
        enddo
      enddo






      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          work1(i,k,1) = conden(t(i,k),q(i,k),qs(i,k,1),xl(i,k),cpm(i,k))
          work2(i,k) = qci(i,k,1)+work1(i,k,1)
          pcond(i,k) = min(max(work1(i,k,1)/dtcld,0.),max(q(i,k),0.)/dtcld)
          if(qci(i,k,1).gt.0..and.work1(i,k,1).lt.0.)                          &
            pcond(i,k) = max(work1(i,k,1),-qci(i,k,1))/dtcld
          q(i,k) = q(i,k)-pcond(i,k)*dtcld
          qci(i,k,1) = max(qci(i,k,1)+pcond(i,k)*dtcld,0.)
          t(i,k) = t(i,k)+pcond(i,k)*xl(i,k)/cpm(i,k)*dtcld
        enddo
      enddo





      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          if(qci(i,k,1).le.qmin) qci(i,k,1) = 0.0
          if(qci(i,k,2).le.qmin) qci(i,k,2) = 0.0
        enddo
      enddo
      enddo                  


  END SUBROUTINE wsm62d

      REAL FUNCTION rgmma(x)

  IMPLICIT NONE


      REAL :: euler
      PARAMETER (euler=0.577215664901532)
      REAL :: x, y
      INTEGER :: i
      if(x.eq.1.)then
        rgmma=0.
          else
        rgmma=x*exp(euler*x)
        do i=1,10000
          y=float(i)
          rgmma=rgmma*(1.000+x/y)*exp(-x/y)
        enddo
        rgmma=1./rgmma
      endif
      END FUNCTION rgmma


      REAL FUNCTION fpvs(t,ice,rd,rv,cvap,cliq,cice,hvap,hsub,psat,t0c)

      IMPLICIT NONE

      REAL t,rd,rv,cvap,cliq,cice,hvap,hsub,psat,t0c,dldt,xa,xb,dldti,         &
           xai,xbi,ttp,tr
      INTEGER ice

      ttp=t0c+0.01
      dldt=cvap-cliq
      xa=-dldt/rv
      xb=xa+hvap/(rv*ttp)
      dldti=cvap-cice
      xai=-dldti/rv
      xbi=xai+hsub/(rv*ttp)
      tr=ttp/t
      if(t.lt.ttp.and.ice.eq.1) then
        fpvs=psat*(tr**xai)*exp(xbi*(1.-tr))
      else
        fpvs=psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr))
      endif

      END FUNCTION fpvs

  SUBROUTINE wsm6init(den0,denr,dens,cl,cpv,hail_opt,allowed_to_read)

  IMPLICIT NONE


   REAL, INTENT(IN) :: den0,denr,dens,cl,cpv
   INTEGER, INTENT(IN) :: hail_opt  
   LOGICAL, INTENT(IN) :: allowed_to_read



      IF (hail_opt .eq. 1) THEN 
         n0g       = 4.e4
         deng      = 700.
         avtg      = 285.0
         bvtg      = 0.8
         lamdagmax = 2.e4
      ELSE 
         n0g       = 4.e6
         deng      = 500
         avtg      = 330.0
         bvtg      = 0.8
         lamdagmax = 6.e4
      ENDIF

   pi = 4.*atan(1.)
   xlv1 = cl-cpv

   qc0  = 4./3.*pi*denr*r0**3*xncr/den0  
   qck1 = .104*9.8*peaut/(xncr*denr)**(1./3.)/xmyu*den0**(4./3.) 
   pidnc = pi*denr/6.        

   bvtr1 = 1.+bvtr
   bvtr2 = 2.5+.5*bvtr
   bvtr3 = 3.+bvtr
   bvtr4 = 4.+bvtr
   bvtr6 = 6.+bvtr
   g1pbr = rgmma(bvtr1)
   g3pbr = rgmma(bvtr3)
   g4pbr = rgmma(bvtr4)            
   g6pbr = rgmma(bvtr6)
   g5pbro2 = rgmma(bvtr2)          
   pvtr = avtr*g4pbr/6.
   eacrr = 1.0
   pacrr = pi*n0r*avtr*g3pbr*.25*eacrr
   precr1 = 2.*pi*n0r*.78
   precr2 = 2.*pi*n0r*.31*avtr**.5*g5pbro2
   roqimax = 2.08e22*dimax**8

   bvts1 = 1.+bvts
   bvts2 = 2.5+.5*bvts
   bvts3 = 3.+bvts
   bvts4 = 4.+bvts
   g1pbs = rgmma(bvts1)    
   g3pbs = rgmma(bvts3)
   g4pbs = rgmma(bvts4)    
   g5pbso2 = rgmma(bvts2)
   pvts = avts*g4pbs/6.
   pacrs = pi*n0s*avts*g3pbs*.25
   precs1 = 4.*n0s*.65
   precs2 = 4.*n0s*.44*avts**.5*g5pbso2
   pidn0r =  pi*denr*n0r
   pidn0s =  pi*dens*n0s

   pacrc = pi*n0s*avts*g3pbs*.25*eacrc

   bvtg1 = 1.+bvtg
   bvtg2 = 2.5+.5*bvtg
   bvtg3 = 3.+bvtg
   bvtg4 = 4.+bvtg
   g1pbg = rgmma(bvtg1)
   g3pbg = rgmma(bvtg3)
   g4pbg = rgmma(bvtg4)
   pacrg = pi*n0g*avtg*g3pbg*.25
   g5pbgo2 = rgmma(bvtg2)
   pvtg = avtg*g4pbg/6.
   precg1 = 2.*pi*n0g*.78
   precg2 = 2.*pi*n0g*.31*avtg**.5*g5pbgo2
   pidn0g =  pi*deng*n0g

   rslopermax = 1./lamdarmax
   rslopesmax = 1./lamdasmax
   rslopegmax = 1./lamdagmax
   rsloperbmax = rslopermax ** bvtr
   rslopesbmax = rslopesmax ** bvts
   rslopegbmax = rslopegmax ** bvtg
   rsloper2max = rslopermax * rslopermax
   rslopes2max = rslopesmax * rslopesmax
   rslopeg2max = rslopegmax * rslopegmax
   rsloper3max = rsloper2max * rslopermax
   rslopes3max = rslopes2max * rslopesmax
   rslopeg3max = rslopeg2max * rslopegmax





   xam_r = PI*denr/6.
   xbm_r = 3.
   xmu_r = 0.
   xam_s = PI*dens/6.
   xbm_s = 3.
   xmu_s = 0.
   xam_g = PI*deng/6.
   xbm_g = 3.
   xmu_g = 0.

   call radar_init



  END SUBROUTINE wsm6init

      subroutine slope_wsm6(qrs,den,denfac,t,rslope,rslopeb,rslope2,rslope3,   &
                            vt,its,ite,kts,kte)
  IMPLICIT NONE
  INTEGER       ::               its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte,3) ::                                     &
                                                                          qrs, &
                                                                       rslope, &
                                                                      rslopeb, &                                                 
                                                                      rslope2, &                                                 
                                                                      rslope3, &                                                 
                                                                           vt
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte) ::                                       &
                                                                          den, &
                                                                       denfac, &
                                                                            t
  REAL, PARAMETER  :: t0c = 273.15
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                                      &
                                                                       n0sfac
  REAL       ::  lamdar, lamdas, lamdag, x, y, z, supcol
  integer :: i, j, k



      lamdar(x,y)=   sqrt(sqrt(pidn0r/(x*y)))      
      lamdas(x,y,z)= sqrt(sqrt(pidn0s*z/(x*y)))    
      lamdag(x,y)=   sqrt(sqrt(pidn0g/(x*y)))      

      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          supcol = t0c-t(i,k)



          n0sfac(i,k) = max(min(exp(alpha*supcol),n0smax/n0s),1.)
          if(qrs(i,k,1).le.qcrmin)then
            rslope(i,k,1) = rslopermax
            rslopeb(i,k,1) = rsloperbmax
            rslope2(i,k,1) = rsloper2max
            rslope3(i,k,1) = rsloper3max
          else
            rslope(i,k,1) = 1./lamdar(qrs(i,k,1),den(i,k))
            rslopeb(i,k,1) = rslope(i,k,1)**bvtr
            rslope2(i,k,1) = rslope(i,k,1)*rslope(i,k,1)
            rslope3(i,k,1) = rslope2(i,k,1)*rslope(i,k,1)
          endif
          if(qrs(i,k,2).le.qcrmin)then
            rslope(i,k,2) = rslopesmax
            rslopeb(i,k,2) = rslopesbmax
            rslope2(i,k,2) = rslopes2max
            rslope3(i,k,2) = rslopes3max
          else
            rslope(i,k,2) = 1./lamdas(qrs(i,k,2),den(i,k),n0sfac(i,k))
            rslopeb(i,k,2) = rslope(i,k,2)**bvts
            rslope2(i,k,2) = rslope(i,k,2)*rslope(i,k,2)
            rslope3(i,k,2) = rslope2(i,k,2)*rslope(i,k,2)
          endif
          if(qrs(i,k,3).le.qcrmin)then
            rslope(i,k,3) = rslopegmax
            rslopeb(i,k,3) = rslopegbmax
            rslope2(i,k,3) = rslopeg2max
            rslope3(i,k,3) = rslopeg3max
          else
            rslope(i,k,3) = 1./lamdag(qrs(i,k,3),den(i,k))
            rslopeb(i,k,3) = rslope(i,k,3)**bvtg
            rslope2(i,k,3) = rslope(i,k,3)*rslope(i,k,3)
            rslope3(i,k,3) = rslope2(i,k,3)*rslope(i,k,3)
          endif
          vt(i,k,1) = pvtr*rslopeb(i,k,1)*denfac(i,k)
          vt(i,k,2) = pvts*rslopeb(i,k,2)*denfac(i,k)
          vt(i,k,3) = pvtg*rslopeb(i,k,3)*denfac(i,k)
          if(qrs(i,k,1).le.0.0) vt(i,k,1) = 0.0
          if(qrs(i,k,2).le.0.0) vt(i,k,2) = 0.0
          if(qrs(i,k,3).le.0.0) vt(i,k,3) = 0.0
        enddo
      enddo
  END subroutine slope_wsm6

      subroutine slope_rain(qrs,den,denfac,t,rslope,rslopeb,rslope2,rslope3,   & 
                            vt,its,ite,kts,kte)
  IMPLICIT NONE
  INTEGER       ::               its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte) ::                                       &
                                                                          qrs, &
                                                                       rslope, &
                                                                      rslopeb, &
                                                                      rslope2, &
                                                                      rslope3, &
                                                                           vt, &      
                                                                          den, &
                                                                       denfac, &
                                                                            t
  REAL, PARAMETER  :: t0c = 273.15
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                                      &
                                                                       n0sfac
  REAL       ::  lamdar, x, y, z, supcol
  integer :: i, j, k



      lamdar(x,y)=   sqrt(sqrt(pidn0r/(x*y)))      

      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          if(qrs(i,k).le.qcrmin)then
            rslope(i,k) = rslopermax
            rslopeb(i,k) = rsloperbmax
            rslope2(i,k) = rsloper2max
            rslope3(i,k) = rsloper3max
          else
            rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdar(qrs(i,k),den(i,k))
            rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvtr
            rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k)
            rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k)
          endif
          vt(i,k) = pvtr*rslopeb(i,k)*denfac(i,k)
          if(qrs(i,k).le.0.0) vt(i,k) = 0.0
        enddo
      enddo
  END subroutine slope_rain

      subroutine slope_snow(qrs,den,denfac,t,rslope,rslopeb,rslope2,rslope3,   &
                            vt,its,ite,kts,kte)
  IMPLICIT NONE
  INTEGER       ::               its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte) ::                                       &
                                                                          qrs, &
                                                                       rslope, &
                                                                      rslopeb, &
                                                                      rslope2, &
                                                                      rslope3, &
                                                                           vt, &  
                                                                          den, &
                                                                       denfac, &
                                                                            t
  REAL, PARAMETER  :: t0c = 273.15
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                                      &
                                                                       n0sfac
  REAL       ::  lamdas, x, y, z, supcol
  integer :: i, j, k



      lamdas(x,y,z)= sqrt(sqrt(pidn0s*z/(x*y)))    

      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite
          supcol = t0c-t(i,k)



          n0sfac(i,k) = max(min(exp(alpha*supcol),n0smax/n0s),1.)
          if(qrs(i,k).le.qcrmin)then
            rslope(i,k) = rslopesmax
            rslopeb(i,k) = rslopesbmax
            rslope2(i,k) = rslopes2max
            rslope3(i,k) = rslopes3max
          else
            rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdas(qrs(i,k),den(i,k),n0sfac(i,k))
            rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvts
            rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k)
            rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k)
          endif
          vt(i,k) = pvts*rslopeb(i,k)*denfac(i,k)
          if(qrs(i,k).le.0.0) vt(i,k) = 0.0
        enddo
      enddo
  END subroutine slope_snow

      subroutine slope_graup(qrs,den,denfac,t,rslope,rslopeb,rslope2,rslope3,   &
                            vt,its,ite,kts,kte)
  IMPLICIT NONE
  INTEGER       ::               its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte) ::                                       &
                                                                          qrs, &
                                                                       rslope, &
                                                                      rslopeb, &
                                                                      rslope2, &
                                                                      rslope3, &
                                                                           vt, &  
                                                                          den, &
                                                                       denfac, &
                                                                            t
  REAL, PARAMETER  :: t0c = 273.15
  REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) ::                                      &
                                                                       n0sfac
  REAL       ::  lamdag, x, y, z, supcol
  integer :: i, j, k



      lamdag(x,y)=   sqrt(sqrt(pidn0g/(x*y)))      

      do k = kts, kte
        do i = its, ite



          if(qrs(i,k).le.qcrmin)then
            rslope(i,k) = rslopegmax
            rslopeb(i,k) = rslopegbmax
            rslope2(i,k) = rslopeg2max
            rslope3(i,k) = rslopeg3max
          else
            rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdag(qrs(i,k),den(i,k))
            rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvtg
            rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k)
            rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k)
          endif
          vt(i,k) = pvtg*rslopeb(i,k)*denfac(i,k)
          if(qrs(i,k).le.0.0) vt(i,k) = 0.0
        enddo
      enddo
  END subroutine slope_graup


      SUBROUTINE nislfv_rain_plm(im,km,denl,denfacl,tkl,dzl,wwl,rql,precip,dt,id,iter)





















      implicit none
      integer  im,km,id
      real  dt
      real  dzl(im,km),wwl(im,km),rql(im,km),precip(im)
      real  denl(im,km),denfacl(im,km),tkl(im,km)

      integer  i,k,n,m,kk,kb,kt,iter
      real  tl,tl2,qql,dql,qqd
      real  th,th2,qqh,dqh
      real  zsum,qsum,dim,dip,c1,con1,fa1,fa2
      real  allold, allnew, zz, dzamin, cflmax, decfl
      real  dz(km), ww(km), qq(km), wd(km), wa(km), was(km)
      real  den(km), denfac(km), tk(km)
      real  wi(km+1), zi(km+1), za(km+1)
      real  qn(km), qr(km),tmp(km),tmp1(km),tmp2(km),tmp3(km)
      real  dza(km+1), qa(km+1), qmi(km+1), qpi(km+1)

      precip(:) = 0.0

      i_loop : do i=1,im

      dz(:) = dzl(i,:)
      qq(:) = rql(i,:)
      ww(:) = wwl(i,:)
      den(:) = denl(i,:)
      denfac(:) = denfacl(i,:)
      tk(:) = tkl(i,:)

      allold = 0.0
      do k=1,km
        allold = allold + qq(k)
      enddo
      if(allold.le.0.0) then
        cycle i_loop
      endif


      zi(1)=0.0
      do k=1,km
        zi(k+1) = zi(k)+dz(k)
      enddo


      wd(:) = ww(:)
      n=1
 100  continue


      wi(1) = ww(1)
      wi(km+1) = ww(km)
      do k=2,km
        wi(k) = (ww(k)*dz(k-1)+ww(k-1)*dz(k))/(dz(k-1)+dz(k))
      enddo

      fa1 = 9./16.
      fa2 = 1./16.
      wi(1) = ww(1)
      wi(2) = 0.5*(ww(2)+ww(1))
      do k=3,km-1
        wi(k) = fa1*(ww(k)+ww(k-1))-fa2*(ww(k+1)+ww(k-2))
      enddo
      wi(km) = 0.5*(ww(km)+ww(km-1))
      wi(km+1) = ww(km)


      do k=2,km
        if( ww(k).eq.0.0 ) wi(k)=ww(k-1)
      enddo


      con1 = 0.05
      do k=km,1,-1
        decfl = (wi(k+1)-wi(k))*dt/dz(k)
        if( decfl .gt. con1 ) then
          wi(k) = wi(k+1) - con1*dz(k)/dt
        endif
      enddo

      do k=1,km+1
        za(k) = zi(k) - wi(k)*dt
      enddo

      do k=1,km
        dza(k) = za(k+1)-za(k)
      enddo
      dza(km+1) = zi(km+1) - za(km+1)


      do k=1,km
        qa(k) = qq(k)*dz(k)/dza(k)
        qr(k) = qa(k)/den(k)
      enddo
      qa(km+1) = 0.0




      if( n.le.iter ) then
        call slope_rain(qr,den,denfac,tk,tmp,tmp1,tmp2,tmp3,wa,1,1,1,km)
        if( n.ge.2 ) wa(1:km)=0.5*(wa(1:km)+was(1:km))
        do k=1,km




          ww(k) = 0.5* ( wd(k)+wa(k) )
        enddo
        was(:) = wa(:)
        n=n+1
        go to 100
      endif


      do k=2,km
        dip=(qa(k+1)-qa(k))/(dza(k+1)+dza(k))
        dim=(qa(k)-qa(k-1))/(dza(k-1)+dza(k))
        if( dip*dim.le.0.0 ) then
          qmi(k)=qa(k)
          qpi(k)=qa(k)
        else
          qpi(k)=qa(k)+0.5*(dip+dim)*dza(k)
          qmi(k)=2.0*qa(k)-qpi(k)
          if( qpi(k).lt.0.0 .or. qmi(k).lt.0.0 ) then
            qpi(k) = qa(k)
            qmi(k) = qa(k)
          endif
        endif
      enddo
      qpi(1)=qa(1)
      qmi(1)=qa(1)
      qmi(km+1)=qa(km+1)
      qpi(km+1)=qa(km+1)


      qn = 0.0
      kb=1
      kt=1
      intp : do k=1,km
             kb=max(kb-1,1)
             kt=max(kt-1,1)

             if( zi(k).ge.za(km+1) ) then
               exit intp
             else
               find_kb : do kk=kb,km
                         if( zi(k).le.za(kk+1) ) then
                           kb = kk
                           exit find_kb
                         else
                           cycle find_kb
                         endif
               enddo find_kb
               find_kt : do kk=kt,km
                         if( zi(k+1).le.za(kk) ) then
                           kt = kk
                           exit find_kt
                         else
                           cycle find_kt
                         endif
               enddo find_kt
               kt = kt - 1

               if( kt.eq.kb ) then
                 tl=(zi(k)-za(kb))/dza(kb)
                 th=(zi(k+1)-za(kb))/dza(kb)
                 tl2=tl*tl
                 th2=th*th
                 qqd=0.5*(qpi(kb)-qmi(kb))
                 qqh=qqd*th2+qmi(kb)*th
                 qql=qqd*tl2+qmi(kb)*tl
                 qn(k) = (qqh-qql)/(th-tl)
               else if( kt.gt.kb ) then
                 tl=(zi(k)-za(kb))/dza(kb)
                 tl2=tl*tl
                 qqd=0.5*(qpi(kb)-qmi(kb))
                 qql=qqd*tl2+qmi(kb)*tl
                 dql = qa(kb)-qql
                 zsum  = (1.-tl)*dza(kb)
                 qsum  = dql*dza(kb)
                 if( kt-kb.gt.1 ) then
                 do m=kb+1,kt-1
                   zsum = zsum + dza(m)
                   qsum = qsum + qa(m) * dza(m)
                 enddo
                 endif
                 th=(zi(k+1)-za(kt))/dza(kt)
                 th2=th*th
                 qqd=0.5*(qpi(kt)-qmi(kt))
                 dqh=qqd*th2+qmi(kt)*th
                 zsum  = zsum + th*dza(kt)
                 qsum  = qsum + dqh*dza(kt)
                 qn(k) = qsum/zsum
               endif
               cycle intp
             endif

       enddo intp


      sum_precip: do k=1,km
                    if( za(k).lt.0.0 .and. za(k+1).lt.0.0 ) then
                      precip(i) = precip(i) + qa(k)*dza(k)
                      cycle sum_precip
                    else if ( za(k).lt.0.0 .and. za(k+1).ge.0.0 ) then
                      precip(i) = precip(i) + qa(k)*(0.0-za(k))
                      exit sum_precip
                    endif
                    exit sum_precip
      enddo sum_precip


      rql(i,:) = qn(:)


      enddo i_loop

  END SUBROUTINE nislfv_rain_plm

      SUBROUTINE nislfv_rain_plm6(im,km,denl,denfacl,tkl,dzl,wwl,rql,rql2, precip1, precip2,dt,id,iter)





















      implicit none
      integer  im,km,id
      real  dt
      real  dzl(im,km),wwl(im,km),rql(im,km),rql2(im,km),precip(im),precip1(im),precip2(im)
      real  denl(im,km),denfacl(im,km),tkl(im,km)

      integer  i,k,n,m,kk,kb,kt,iter,ist
      real  tl,tl2,qql,dql,qqd
      real  th,th2,qqh,dqh
      real  zsum,qsum,dim,dip,c1,con1,fa1,fa2
      real  allold, allnew, zz, dzamin, cflmax, decfl
      real  dz(km), ww(km), qq(km), qq2(km), wd(km), wa(km), wa2(km), was(km)
      real  den(km), denfac(km), tk(km)
      real  wi(km+1), zi(km+1), za(km+1)
      real  qn(km), qr(km),qr2(km),tmp(km),tmp1(km),tmp2(km),tmp3(km)
      real  dza(km+1), qa(km+1), qa2(km+1),qmi(km+1), qpi(km+1)

      precip(:) = 0.0
      precip1(:) = 0.0
      precip2(:) = 0.0

      i_loop : do i=1,im

      dz(:) = dzl(i,:)
      qq(:) = rql(i,:)
      qq2(:) = rql2(i,:)
      ww(:) = wwl(i,:)
      den(:) = denl(i,:)
      denfac(:) = denfacl(i,:)
      tk(:) = tkl(i,:)

      allold = 0.0
      do k=1,km
        allold = allold + qq(k) + qq2(k)
      enddo
      if(allold.le.0.0) then
        cycle i_loop
      endif


      zi(1)=0.0
      do k=1,km
        zi(k+1) = zi(k)+dz(k)
      enddo


      wd(:) = ww(:)
      n=1
 100  continue


      wi(1) = ww(1)
      wi(km+1) = ww(km)
      do k=2,km
        wi(k) = (ww(k)*dz(k-1)+ww(k-1)*dz(k))/(dz(k-1)+dz(k))
      enddo

      fa1 = 9./16.
      fa2 = 1./16.
      wi(1) = ww(1)
      wi(2) = 0.5*(ww(2)+ww(1))
      do k=3,km-1
        wi(k) = fa1*(ww(k)+ww(k-1))-fa2*(ww(k+1)+ww(k-2))
      enddo
      wi(km) = 0.5*(ww(km)+ww(km-1))
      wi(km+1) = ww(km)


      do k=2,km
        if( ww(k).eq.0.0 ) wi(k)=ww(k-1)
      enddo


      con1 = 0.05
      do k=km,1,-1
        decfl = (wi(k+1)-wi(k))*dt/dz(k)
        if( decfl .gt. con1 ) then
          wi(k) = wi(k+1) - con1*dz(k)/dt
        endif
      enddo

      do k=1,km+1
        za(k) = zi(k) - wi(k)*dt
      enddo

      do k=1,km
        dza(k) = za(k+1)-za(k)
      enddo
      dza(km+1) = zi(km+1) - za(km+1)


      do k=1,km
        qa(k) = qq(k)*dz(k)/dza(k)
        qa2(k) = qq2(k)*dz(k)/dza(k)
        qr(k) = qa(k)/den(k)
        qr2(k) = qa2(k)/den(k)
      enddo
      qa(km+1) = 0.0
      qa2(km+1) = 0.0




      if( n.le.iter ) then
        call slope_snow(qr,den,denfac,tk,tmp,tmp1,tmp2,tmp3,wa,1,1,1,km)
        call slope_graup(qr2,den,denfac,tk,tmp,tmp1,tmp2,tmp3,wa2,1,1,1,km)
        do k = 1, km
          tmp(k) = max((qr(k)+qr2(k)), 1.E-15)
          IF ( tmp(k) .gt. 1.e-15 ) THEN
            wa(k) = (wa(k)*qr(k) + wa2(k)*qr2(k))/tmp(k)
          ELSE
            wa(k) = 0.
          ENDIF
        enddo
        if( n.ge.2 ) wa(1:km)=0.5*(wa(1:km)+was(1:km))
        do k=1,km





          ww(k) = 0.5* ( wd(k)+wa(k) )
        enddo
        was(:) = wa(:)
        n=n+1
        go to 100
      endif
      ist_loop : do ist = 1, 2
      if (ist.eq.2) then
       qa(:) = qa2(:)
      endif

      precip(i) = 0.


      do k=2,km
        dip=(qa(k+1)-qa(k))/(dza(k+1)+dza(k))
        dim=(qa(k)-qa(k-1))/(dza(k-1)+dza(k))
        if( dip*dim.le.0.0 ) then
          qmi(k)=qa(k)
          qpi(k)=qa(k)
        else
          qpi(k)=qa(k)+0.5*(dip+dim)*dza(k)
          qmi(k)=2.0*qa(k)-qpi(k)
          if( qpi(k).lt.0.0 .or. qmi(k).lt.0.0 ) then
            qpi(k) = qa(k)
            qmi(k) = qa(k)
          endif
        endif
      enddo
      qpi(1)=qa(1)
      qmi(1)=qa(1)
      qmi(km+1)=qa(km+1)
      qpi(km+1)=qa(km+1)


      qn = 0.0
      kb=1
      kt=1
      intp : do k=1,km
             kb=max(kb-1,1)
             kt=max(kt-1,1)

             if( zi(k).ge.za(km+1) ) then
               exit intp
             else
               find_kb : do kk=kb,km
                         if( zi(k).le.za(kk+1) ) then
                           kb = kk
                           exit find_kb
                         else
                           cycle find_kb
                         endif
               enddo find_kb
               find_kt : do kk=kt,km
                         if( zi(k+1).le.za(kk) ) then
                           kt = kk
                           exit find_kt
                         else
                           cycle find_kt
                         endif
               enddo find_kt
               kt = kt - 1

               if( kt.eq.kb ) then
                 tl=(zi(k)-za(kb))/dza(kb)
                 th=(zi(k+1)-za(kb))/dza(kb)
                 tl2=tl*tl
                 th2=th*th
                 qqd=0.5*(qpi(kb)-qmi(kb))
                 qqh=qqd*th2+qmi(kb)*th
                 qql=qqd*tl2+qmi(kb)*tl
                 qn(k) = (qqh-qql)/(th-tl)
               else if( kt.gt.kb ) then
                 tl=(zi(k)-za(kb))/dza(kb)
                 tl2=tl*tl
                 qqd=0.5*(qpi(kb)-qmi(kb))
                 qql=qqd*tl2+qmi(kb)*tl
                 dql = qa(kb)-qql
                 zsum  = (1.-tl)*dza(kb)
                 qsum  = dql*dza(kb)
                 if( kt-kb.gt.1 ) then
                 do m=kb+1,kt-1
                   zsum = zsum + dza(m)
                   qsum = qsum + qa(m) * dza(m)
                 enddo
                 endif
                 th=(zi(k+1)-za(kt))/dza(kt)
                 th2=th*th
                 qqd=0.5*(qpi(kt)-qmi(kt))
                 dqh=qqd*th2+qmi(kt)*th
                 zsum  = zsum + th*dza(kt)
                 qsum  = qsum + dqh*dza(kt)
                 qn(k) = qsum/zsum
               endif
               cycle intp
             endif

       enddo intp


      sum_precip: do k=1,km
                    if( za(k).lt.0.0 .and. za(k+1).lt.0.0 ) then
                      precip(i) = precip(i) + qa(k)*dza(k)
                      cycle sum_precip
                    else if ( za(k).lt.0.0 .and. za(k+1).ge.0.0 ) then
                      precip(i) = precip(i) + qa(k)*(0.0-za(k))
                      exit sum_precip
                    endif
                    exit sum_precip
      enddo sum_precip


      if(ist.eq.1) then
        rql(i,:) = qn(:)
        precip1(i) = precip(i)
      else
        rql2(i,:) = qn(:)
        precip2(i) = precip(i)
      endif
      enddo ist_loop


      enddo i_loop

  END SUBROUTINE nislfv_rain_plm6



      subroutine refl10cm_wsm6 (qv1d, qr1d, qs1d, qg1d,                 &
                       t1d, p1d, dBZ, kts, kte, ii, jj)

      IMPLICIT NONE


      INTEGER, INTENT(IN):: kts, kte, ii, jj
      REAL, DIMENSION(kts:kte), INTENT(IN)::                            &
                      qv1d, qr1d, qs1d, qg1d, t1d, p1d
      REAL, DIMENSION(kts:kte), INTENT(INOUT):: dBZ


      REAL, DIMENSION(kts:kte):: temp, pres, qv, rho
      REAL, DIMENSION(kts:kte):: rr, rs, rg
      REAL:: temp_C

      DOUBLE PRECISION, DIMENSION(kts:kte):: ilamr, ilams, ilamg
      DOUBLE PRECISION, DIMENSION(kts:kte):: N0_r, N0_s, N0_g
      DOUBLE PRECISION:: lamr, lams, lamg
      LOGICAL, DIMENSION(kts:kte):: L_qr, L_qs, L_qg

      REAL, DIMENSION(kts:kte):: ze_rain, ze_snow, ze_graupel
      DOUBLE PRECISION:: fmelt_s, fmelt_g

      INTEGER:: i, k, k_0, kbot, n
      LOGICAL:: melti

      DOUBLE PRECISION:: cback, x, eta, f_d
      REAL, PARAMETER:: R=287.



      do k = kts, kte
         dBZ(k) = -35.0
      enddo




      do k = kts, kte
         temp(k) = t1d(k)
         temp_C = min(-0.001, temp(K)-273.15)
         qv(k) = MAX(1.E-10, qv1d(k))
         pres(k) = p1d(k)
         rho(k) = 0.622*pres(k)/(R*temp(k)*(qv(k)+0.622))

         if (qr1d(k) .gt. 1.E-9) then
            rr(k) = qr1d(k)*rho(k)
            N0_r(k) = n0r
            lamr = (xam_r*xcrg(3)*N0_r(k)/rr(k))**(1./xcre(1))
            ilamr(k) = 1./lamr
            L_qr(k) = .true.
         else
            rr(k) = 1.E-12
            L_qr(k) = .false.
         endif

         if (qs1d(k) .gt. 1.E-9) then
            rs(k) = qs1d(k)*rho(k)
            N0_s(k) = min(n0smax, n0s*exp(-alpha*temp_C))
            lams = (xam_s*xcsg(3)*N0_s(k)/rs(k))**(1./xcse(1))
            ilams(k) = 1./lams
            L_qs(k) = .true.
         else
            rs(k) = 1.E-12
            L_qs(k) = .false.
         endif

         if (qg1d(k) .gt. 1.E-9) then
            rg(k) = qg1d(k)*rho(k)
            N0_g(k) = n0g
            lamg = (xam_g*xcgg(3)*N0_g(k)/rg(k))**(1./xcge(1))
            ilamg(k) = 1./lamg
            L_qg(k) = .true.
         else
            rg(k) = 1.E-12
            L_qg(k) = .false.
         endif
      enddo




      melti = .false.
      k_0 = kts
      do k = kte-1, kts, -1
         if ( (temp(k).gt.273.15) .and. L_qr(k)                         &
                                  .and. (L_qs(k+1).or.L_qg(k+1)) ) then
            k_0 = MAX(k+1, k_0)
            melti=.true.
            goto 195
         endif
      enddo
 195  continue







      do k = kts, kte
         ze_rain(k) = 1.e-22
         ze_snow(k) = 1.e-22
         ze_graupel(k) = 1.e-22
         if (L_qr(k)) ze_rain(k) = N0_r(k)*xcrg(4)*ilamr(k)**xcre(4)
         if (L_qs(k)) ze_snow(k) = (0.176/0.93) * (6.0/PI)*(6.0/PI)     &
                                 * (xam_s/900.0)*(xam_s/900.0)          &
                                 * N0_s(k)*xcsg(4)*ilams(k)**xcse(4)
         if (L_qg(k)) ze_graupel(k) = (0.176/0.93) * (6.0/PI)*(6.0/PI)  &
                                    * (xam_g/900.0)*(xam_g/900.0)       &
                                    * N0_g(k)*xcgg(4)*ilamg(k)**xcge(4)
      enddo










      if (melti .and. k_0.ge.kts+1) then
       do k = k_0-1, kts, -1


          if (L_qs(k) .and. L_qs(k_0) ) then
           fmelt_s = MAX(0.005d0, MIN(1.0d0-rs(k)/rs(k_0), 0.99d0))
           eta = 0.d0
           lams = 1./ilams(k)
           do n = 1, nrbins
              x = xam_s * xxDs(n)**xbm_s
              call rayleigh_soak_wetgraupel (x,DBLE(xocms),DBLE(xobms), &
                    fmelt_s, melt_outside_s, m_w_0, m_i_0, lamda_radar, &
                    CBACK, mixingrulestring_s, matrixstring_s,          &
                    inclusionstring_s, hoststring_s,                    &
                    hostmatrixstring_s, hostinclusionstring_s)
              f_d = N0_s(k)*xxDs(n)**xmu_s * DEXP(-lams*xxDs(n))
              eta = eta + f_d * CBACK * simpson(n) * xdts(n)
           enddo
           ze_snow(k) = SNGL(lamda4 / (pi5 * K_w) * eta)
          endif




          if (L_qg(k) .and. L_qg(k_0) ) then
           fmelt_g = MAX(0.005d0, MIN(1.0d0-rg(k)/rg(k_0), 0.99d0))
           eta = 0.d0
           lamg = 1./ilamg(k)
           do n = 1, nrbins
              x = xam_g * xxDg(n)**xbm_g
              call rayleigh_soak_wetgraupel (x,DBLE(xocmg),DBLE(xobmg), &
                    fmelt_g, melt_outside_g, m_w_0, m_i_0, lamda_radar, &
                    CBACK, mixingrulestring_g, matrixstring_g,          &
                    inclusionstring_g, hoststring_g,                    &
                    hostmatrixstring_g, hostinclusionstring_g)
              f_d = N0_g(k)*xxDg(n)**xmu_g * DEXP(-lamg*xxDg(n))
              eta = eta + f_d * CBACK * simpson(n) * xdtg(n)
           enddo
           ze_graupel(k) = SNGL(lamda4 / (pi5 * K_w) * eta)
          endif

       enddo
      endif

      do k = kte, kts, -1
         dBZ(k) = 10.*log10((ze_rain(k)+ze_snow(k)+ze_graupel(k))*1.d18)
      enddo


      end subroutine refl10cm_wsm6



     subroutine effectRad_wsm6 (t, qc, qi, qs, rho, qmin, t0c,        &
                                re_qc, re_qi, re_qs, kts, kte, ii, jj)










      implicit none


      integer, intent(in) :: kts, kte, ii, jj
      real, intent(in) :: qmin
      real, intent(in) :: t0c
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(in)::  t
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(in)::  qc
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(in)::  qi
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(in)::  qs
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(in)::  rho
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(inout):: re_qc
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(inout):: re_qi
      real, dimension( kts:kte ), intent(inout):: re_qs

      integer:: i,k
      integer :: inu_c
      real, dimension( kts:kte ):: ni
      real, dimension( kts:kte ):: rqc
      real, dimension( kts:kte ):: rqi
      real, dimension( kts:kte ):: rni
      real, dimension( kts:kte ):: rqs
      real :: temp
      real :: lamdac
      real :: supcol, n0sfac, lamdas
      real :: diai      
      logical :: has_qc, has_qi, has_qs

      real, parameter :: R1 = 1.E-12
      real, parameter :: R2 = 1.E-6

      real, parameter :: bm_r = 3.0
      real, parameter :: obmr = 1.0/bm_r
      real, parameter :: nc0  = 3.E8

      has_qc = .false.
      has_qi = .false.
      has_qs = .false.

      do k = kts, kte
        
        rqc(k) = max(R1, qc(k)*rho(k))
        if (rqc(k).gt.R1) has_qc = .true.
        
        rqi(k) = max(R1, qi(k)*rho(k))
        temp = (rho(k)*max(qi(k),qmin))
        temp = sqrt(sqrt(temp*temp*temp))
        ni(k) = min(max(5.38e7*temp,1.e3),1.e6)
        rni(k)= max(R2, ni(k)*rho(k))
        if (rqi(k).gt.R1 .and. rni(k).gt.R2) has_qi = .true.
        
        rqs(k) = max(R1, qs(k)*rho(k))
        if (rqs(k).gt.R1) has_qs = .true.
      enddo

      if (has_qc) then
        do k=kts,kte
          if (rqc(k).le.R1) CYCLE
          lamdac   = (pidnc*nc0/rqc(k))**obmr 
          re_qc(k) =  max(2.51E-6,min(1.5*(1.0/lamdac),50.E-6))
        enddo
      endif

     if (has_qi) then
        do k=kts,kte
          if (rqi(k).le.R1 .or. rni(k).le.R2) CYCLE
          diai = 11.9*sqrt(rqi(k)/ni(k))
          re_qi(k) = max(10.01E-6,min(0.75*0.163*diai,125.E-6))
        enddo
      endif

      if (has_qs) then
        do k=kts,kte
          if (rqs(k).le.R1) CYCLE
          supcol = t0c-t(k)
          n0sfac = max(min(exp(alpha*supcol),n0smax/n0s),1.)
          lamdas = sqrt(sqrt(pidn0s*n0sfac/rqs(k)))
          re_qs(k) = max(25.E-6,min(0.5*(1./lamdas), 999.E-6))
        enddo
      endif

      end subroutine effectRad_wsm6


END MODULE module_mp_wsm6